Journal article

Publication year: 2011

Pages: 208-217

Journal: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment

Volume number: 140

Issue number: 1-2

ISSN: 0167-8809

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.007

Publisher: Elsevier

Abstract: 
Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) and ammonia (NH(3)) emissions from surface applied high (HN) and low (LN) nitrogen pig manures were measured under field conditions. Manures were band-spread to a winter wheat crop at three growth stages mid-tillering, stem elongation and flag leaf emergence. The N(2)O flux rates were measured using the static chamber technique while NH(3) volatilisation was assessed using a micrometeorological mass balance technique with passive flux samplers. The N(2)O emissions were episodic in nature with flux rates observed ranging from 2.8 to 31.5 g N(2)O-N ha(-1) day(-1) (P < 0.001). Higher N(2)O emissions generally occurred after rainfall events. Highest N(2)O losses were observed from the HN treatment with LN manure use decreasing emissions by 18% (P < 0.03). The NH(3) volatilisation rates were highest within 1 h of manure application with 95% of emissions occurring within 24h (P < 0.001). Cumulative N loss was highest at mid-tillering as low crop canopy cover and increased wind-speeds enhanced NH(3) loss (P < 0.001). Highest emissions were measured from the HN manure (P < 0.03). Total ammoniacal N loss ranged from 6 to 11%. Crop N uptake and grain yield were unaffected by application timing or manure type. Therefore, the use of LN manures decreased gaseous emissions of N(2)O and NH(3) without any adverse effects on crop performance. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Harvard Citation style: Meade, G., Pierce, K., O'Doherty, J., Müller, C., Lanigan, G. and Mc Cabe, T. (2011) Ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions following land application of high and low nitrogen pig manures to winter wheat at three growth stages, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 140(1-2), pp. 208-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.007

APA Citation style: Meade, G., Pierce, K., O'Doherty, J., Müller, C., Lanigan, G., & Mc Cabe, T. (2011). Ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions following land application of high and low nitrogen pig manures to winter wheat at three growth stages. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 140(1-2), 208-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.007