Journal article

Publication year: 2011

Pages: S201-S201

Journal: Toxicology Letters

Volume number: 205

Issue number: Supplement

ISSN: 0378-4274

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.691

Publisher: Elsevier

Abstract: 

Retinoids, such as retinoic acid, are key elements on organism development which are altered by persistent organic pollutants as dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants. Thus, methods were developed for analyses of retinoids in biological samples. However, solvents of a high toxicity were used, i.e. chloroform, n-hexane and methanol among others. Therefore, we developed a new chromatographic method using low-toxicity solvents. Retinoids were extracted from 400 μL of kidney and liver homogenates (1:1, weight:water volume) of mice by liquid–liquid extraction with diisopropyl ether. Both polar retinoids (all-trans-acitretin [polar IS], 13-cis-retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid and all-trans-retinoic acid) and apolar retinoids (retinol, retinyl acetate [apolar IS] and retinyl palmitate) were separated by solid phase extraction with amino cartridges. High Performance Liquid chromatography was performed on a C18 column at 40 °C, with mobile phases consisting of 10 mM pH = 5.7-ammonium acetate–ethanol for polar retinoids and MilliQ H2O-ethanol for apolar retinoids, and a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. Variable wavelength detector was set at λpolar = 340 nm and λapolar = 325 nm for polar and apolar retinoids, respectively. A linear calibration curve was observed within the concentration range of 0.01–5 μg/ml for apolar retinoids and 0.001–1 μg/ml for polar retinoids with R-square values > 0.99. Extraction recovery was higher than 80%. Precision was less than 10% and deviation from nominal concentration was less than 15% for quality control samples. Retinoids were analysed in 45 min. The method was successfully applied to mouse kidney and liver samples and the consumption of high-toxicity solvents was avoided.

Harvard Citation style: Esteban, J., Asencio, J., Temporal, B., Barril, J., Pellin, M., Hakansson, H., et al. (2011) A low toxicity chromatographic method for the determination of endogenous retinoids, Toxicology Letters, 205(Supplement), p. S201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.691

APA Citation style: Esteban, J., Asencio, J., Temporal, B., Barril, J., Pellin, M., Hakansson, H., & Hamscher, G. (2011). A low toxicity chromatographic method for the determination of endogenous retinoids. Toxicology Letters. 205(Supplement), S201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.691