Journal article

Publication year: 2024

Journal: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy

ISSN: 1660-3796

eISSN: 1660-3818

Open access status: Gold

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1159/000539617

Publisher: Karger Publishers

Abstract: 
Introduction: Serologic characterization of antihuman platelet antigen (HPA) alloantibodies is crucial in fetal neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. The gold standard MAIPA assay requires fresh platelets from HPA-genotyped donors, which is challenging for some laboratories. Megakaryocytes express HPA epitopes and offer an alternative source for detecting anti-HPA antibodies. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel assay called monoclonal antibody immobilization of megakaryocyte antigens (MAIMA) for detecting anti-HPA antibodies. Methods: CD34+ cells from buffy coats were differentiated into megakaryocytes in vitro. The performance of the MAIMA assay was evaluated using WHO reference reagents for HPA-1a, HPA-3a, and HPA-5b, along with sera samples from patients who had well-characterized anti-HPA antibodies. Results: The WHO anti-HPA-1a reference reagent showed similar binding to megakaryocytes and platelets in MAIMA and MAIPA, respectively. On the other hand, optical density (OD) values for the WHO anti-HPA-3a reference reagent were lower in MAIMA than in MAIPA. Anti-HPA-5b antibodies were not detectable in MAIMA. Patients' sera containing anti-HPA-1a antibodies were successfully detected in MAIMA in all clinical samples. Moreover, OD values in MAIPA and MAIMA showed high correlation (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). MAIMA was reactive for samples with anti-HPA-3a as well as anti-HPA-3b; however, OD values were lower compared to MAIPA. Interestingly, all patient samples with anti-HPA-5b antibodies were tested negative in MAIMA. Conclusion: In vitro generated megakaryocytes can be used to detect anti-HPA-1a alloantibodies. However, despite this potential, they may be less suitable for the detection of alloantibodies against other HPAs such as HPA-5b. (c) 2024 The Author(s).Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Harvard Citation style: Uzun, G., Lucic, J., Marini, I., Rigoni, F., Lyshy, F., Haghighi, O., et al. (2024) In vitro Generated Megakaryocytes for the Detection of Human Platelet Antigen-Specific Alloantibodies, Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1159/000539617

APA Citation style: Uzun, G., Lucic, J., Marini, I., Rigoni, F., Lyshy, F., Haghighi, O., Wolska, N., Nowak-Harnau, S., Althaus, K., Sachs, U., & Bakchoul, T. (2024). In vitro Generated Megakaryocytes for the Detection of Human Platelet Antigen-Specific Alloantibodies. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1159/000539617