Journalartikel

Jahr der Veröffentlichung: 2023

Zeitschrift: Sustainability

Bandnummer: 15

Heftnummer: 16

eISSN: 2071-1050

Open Access Status: Gold

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612342

Verlag: MDPI

Abstract: 
Long-term cropping systems require balanced phosphorus (P) management for better yield and environmental sustainability. However, the soil P transformations under fallow rotations with and without long-term nitrogen (N) and P fertilization largely remained unknown. This study evaluated the status of P forms in loess soils in response to varied combined rates of N and P fertilizers, tillage management practices, fallow land systems (natural fallow (NF), and bare fallow (BF)). Four NP treatments (N0P0, control; N0P100, 100 kg P ha(-1); N160P0, 160 kg N ha(-1); and N160P100), and two treatments with no fertilizer application and crops (NF and BF) were conducted. The treatments N0P100 and N160P100 significantly increased soil total P, inorganic P (Pi), organic P (Po), and Olsen P concentrations compared to the control, NF, and BF treatments. Labile P fractions (NaHCO3-P-o and NaHCO3-P-i) were 7.30% and 11.8-12.4% higher in fertilized treatments than in control, NF, and BF treatments. The moderately labile NaOH-P-i was stable in all treatments, but NaOH-P-o significantly decreased in the NF (2.60%) and BF (1.40%) treatments compared to the control and fertilized treatments; however, HClD-P-i was 59.1-66.0% higher in NF and BF compared to the control and fertilized treatments. Non-labile P (HClC-P(i )and HClc-P-o) fractions showed no significant difference between the fertilized and unfertilized treatments. Residual P levels were substantially greater in the P fertilized (N0P100) treatment than in the fallow treatments. The conceptual framework and redundancy (RDA) analysis revealed that the labile (NaHCO3-P-i and NaHCO3-P-o) and moderately labile P fractions (NaOH-P-o, NaOH-P-i, and HClD-P-i) were substantially associated with Olsen P contents, grain yield, and P uptake. Higher moderate fraction concentrations in fallows and their positive correlation with yield, P uptake, and Olsen P predict the importance of reserved P in these soils upon long-term fertilization, suggesting the utilization of P legacy and optimizing fertilizer applications.

Harvard-Zitierstil: Mahmood, M., Mehmood, S., Ahmed, W., Elrys, A., Tian, Y., Hui, X., et al. (2023) Exploring Phosphorus Fraction Dynamics in Loess Soils: Impact of Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Cropland and Fallow Land, Sustainability, 15(16), Article 12342. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612342

APA-Zitierstil: Mahmood, M., Mehmood, S., Ahmed, W., Elrys, A., Tian, Y., Hui, X., Ayyoub, A., Elnahal, A., Li, W., Wang, Z., & Liu, J. (2023). Exploring Phosphorus Fraction Dynamics in Loess Soils: Impact of Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Cropland and Fallow Land. Sustainability. 15(16), Article 12342. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612342