Journal article

Publication year: 2021

Journal: Materials

Volume number: 14

Issue number: 5

eISSN: 1996-1944

Open access status: Gold

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051312

Publisher: MDPI

Abstract: 
The contamination of surface and groundwater with phosphate originating from industrial and household wastewater remains a serious environmental issue in low-income countries. Herein, phosphate removal from aqueous solutions was studied using low-cost volcanic rocks such as pumice (VPum) and scoria (VSco), obtained from the Ethiopian Great Rift Valley. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using phosphate solutions with concentrations of 0.5 to 25 mg center dot L-1 to examine the adsorption kinetic as well as equilibrium conditions. The experimental adsorption data were tested by employing various equilibrium adsorption models, and the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms best depicted the observations. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacities of VPum and VSco were calculated and found to be 294 mg center dot kg(-1) and 169 mg center dot kg(-1), respectively. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the experimental data with a coefficient of correlation of R-2 > 0.99 for both VPum and VSco; however, VPum showed a slightly better selectivity for phosphate removal than VSco. The presence of competitive anions markedly reduced the removal efficiency of phosphate from the aqueous solution. The adsorptive removal of phosphate was affected by competitive anions in the order: HCO3- >F- > SO4-2 > NO3- > Cl- for VPum and HCO3- > F- > Cl- > SO4-2 > NO3- for VSco. The results indicate that the readily available volcanic rocks have a good adsorptive capacity for phosphate and shall be considered in future studies as test materials for phosphate removal from water in technical-scale experiments.

Harvard Citation style: Mekonnen, D., Alemayehu, E. and Lennartz, B. (2021) Adsorptive Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions Using Low-Cost Volcanic Rocks: Kinetics and Equilibrium Approaches, Materials, 14(5), Article 1312. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051312

APA Citation style: Mekonnen, D., Alemayehu, E., & Lennartz, B. (2021). Adsorptive Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions Using Low-Cost Volcanic Rocks: Kinetics and Equilibrium Approaches. Materials. 14(5), Article 1312. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051312