Journal article

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 144-149

Journal: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Volume number: 96

Issue number: 2

ISSN: 0007-4861

eISSN: 1432-0800

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1699-x

Publisher: Springer

Abstract: 
Marking of fish otoliths with oxytetracycline and tetracycline is a widely used method to evaluate the effectiveness of stocking operations. Available protocols for the labeling of fish specify a number of factors influencing mark quality and potential risk for fish during marking. This study investigates the influence of water hardness on mortality of freshwater fish during marking with OTC. In order to pursue this question complexation of OTC with Mg2+ and Ca2+ cations was measured spectrophotometrically. Furthermore, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were immersed in OTC solutions (1200 mg/L; 48 h immersion) combined with varying levels of water hardness (5.5, 15.5, 25.5, 32.5A degrees dH). The amount of OTC-Mg-Ca-complexes was positively correlated to water hardness. Moreover, it could be demonstrated that mortality of zebrafish during marking varied as a factor of water hardness. Highest mortalities occurred at the lowest (5.5A degrees dH) and the highest (32.5A degrees dH) tested levels during marking with OTC.

Harvard Citation style: Hundt, M., Schreiber, B., Eckmann, R., Lunestad, B., Wuenneman, H. and Schulz, R. (2016) The Effect of Water Hardness on Mortality of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) During Exposure to Oxytetracycline, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 96(2), pp. 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1699-x

APA Citation style: Hundt, M., Schreiber, B., Eckmann, R., Lunestad, B., Wuenneman, H., & Schulz, R. (2016). The Effect of Water Hardness on Mortality of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) During Exposure to Oxytetracycline. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 96(2), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1699-x