Conference paper

Publication year: 2008

Pages: 3839-3846

Journal: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Volume number: 93

Issue number: 10

ISSN: 0021-972X

eISSN: 1945-7197

Open access status: Bronze

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-2871

Conference: 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Diabetes-Association

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Abstract: 

Aims/Hypothesis: Insulin glargine is a long-acting human insulin analog often administered at bedtime to patients with type 2 diabetes. It reduces fasting blood glucose levels more efficiently and with less nocturnal hypoglycemic events compared with human neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. Therefore, bedtime injections of insulin glargine and NPH insulin were compared overnight and in the morning.

Methods: In 10 type 2 diabetic patients, euglycemic clamps were performed, including [6,6 ']H-2(2) glucose, to study the rate of disappearance (Rd) and endogenous production (EGP) of glucose during the night. On separate days at bedtime (2200 h), patients received a sc injection of insulin glargine, NPH insulin, or saline in a randomized, double-blind fashion.

Results: Similar doses of both insulins had different metabolic profiles. NPH insulin had a greater effect on both Rd and EGP in the night compared with insulin glargine. By contrast, in the morning, insulin glargine was more effective, increasing Rd by 5.8 mu mol/kg(-1)center dot min(-1) (95% confidence interval 4.7-6.9) and reducing EGP -5.7 (-5.0 to -6.4) compared with NPH insulin. Nearly 80% of the glucose lowering effect in the morning was due to insulin glargine's reduction of EGP. Its injection was associated with one-third lower morning glucagon levels compared with NPH insulin (P = 0.021).

Conclusion/ Interpretation: Nocturnal variations of EGP and Rd explain the reduced incidence of hypoglycemia and lower fasting glucose levels reported for insulin glargine compared with human NPH insulin.

Harvard Citation style: Linn, T., Fischer, B., Soydan, N., Eckhard, M., Ehl, J., Kunz, C., et al. (2008) Nocturnal glucose metabolism after bedtime injection of insulin glargine or neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 93(10), pp. 3839-3846. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-2871

APA Citation style: Linn, T., Fischer, B., Soydan, N., Eckhard, M., Ehl, J., Kunz, C., & Bretzel, R. (2008). Nocturnal glucose metabolism after bedtime injection of insulin glargine or neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 93(10), 3839-3846. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-2871