Journalartikel

Jahr der Veröffentlichung: 2003

Seiten: 947-955

Zeitschrift: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Bandnummer: 57

Heftnummer: 8

ISSN: 0954-3007

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629

Verlag: Springer Nature [academic journals on nature.com]

Abstract: 

Objective: Evaluation of dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of German vegans.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Settings: Germany.

Subjects: Subjects were recruited through journal advertisements. Of 868 volunteers, only 154 participated in all study segments (pre- and main questionnaire, two 9-day food frequency questionnaires, blood sampling) and fulfilled the following study criteria: vegan dietary intake at least 1 year prior to study start, minimum age of 18 y, no pregnancy or childbirth during the last 12 months.

Interventions: No interventions.

Results: All the 154 subjects had a comparatively low BMI ( median 21.2 kg/m(2)), with an extremely low mean consumption of alcohol (0.77 +/- 3.14 g/day) and tobacco (96.8% were nonsmokers). Mean energy intake (total collective: 8.23 +/- 2.77 MJ) was higher in strict vegans than in moderate ones. Mean carbohydrate, fat, and protein intakes in proportion to energy (total collective: 57.1: 29.7: 11.6%) agreed with current recommendations. Recommended intakes for vitamins and minerals were attained through diet, except for calcium (median intake: 81.1% of recommendation), iodine (median: 40.6%), and cobalamin (median: 8.8%). For the male subgroup, the intake of a small amount of food of animal origin improved vitamin and mineral nutrient densities (except for zinc), whereas this was not the case for the female subgroup (except for calcium).

Conclusion: In order to reach favourable vitamin and mineral intakes, vegans should consider taking supplements containing riboflavin, cobalamin, calcium, and iodine. Intake of total energy and protein should also be improved.

Harvard-Zitierstil: Waldmann, A., Koschizke, J., Leitzmann, C. and Hahn, A. (2003) Dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of a vegan population in Germany: results from the German Vegan Study, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57(8), pp. 947-955. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629

APA-Zitierstil: Waldmann, A., Koschizke, J., Leitzmann, C., & Hahn, A. (2003). Dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of a vegan population in Germany: results from the German Vegan Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 57(8), 947-955. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629