Journalartikel

Jahr der Veröffentlichung: 1982

Seiten: 368-387

Zeitschrift: Zeitschrift für Acker- und Pflanzenbau

Bandnummer: 151

Heftnummer: 5

ISSN: 0044-2151

Verlag: Parey

Abstract: 
Trend of yield is depicted over 30 yr from 1952 to 1981. By division of trend values of experimental means (new varieties and comparative varieties) and of constantly cultivated standard varieties, the trend caused by new varieties may be calculated. The influence of agro-technique and breeding progress on yield changes over 30 yr was shown. The trend from the official variety testing is compared to results from special harvest investigations (from practical agriculture). All investigated crop plants show a clear increase in yield from 1952 to 1981. This trend (times series regression) is stronger for results from variety testing than for values of special harvest investigations, where the new varieties are not included. Generally, there is a good agreement of trend values, although the yield level of practical cultivation is .apprx. 20-30% lower than in official variety testing. The trend is predominantly linear. The quadratic function of winter wheat, spring wheat, winter barley and winter rye is statistically significant, because their increase in yield was higher in the last years. This occurs also in relation to sugar beet and rape-seed for the time from 1970-1981, because better varieties have been bred in the last years. Higher general yield increases in the last 12 yr can be found especially in wheat, winter barley, winter rye as well as in beets and middle-early potatoes, while yield increases in maize and late potatoes in the years 1952-1969 were higher than in the last 12 yr. The influence of agro-technique calculated by means of the trend of the constant standard variety on yield increase was higher in the years 1970 to 1981 for some crops, for winter wheat, oats and middle-early potatoes, and lower, for sugar beets, late potatoes, silage maize and late maize. Breeding progress, calculated as difference between general yield increase (trend of experimental mean) and yield increase of constant standard varieties, could not be confirmed during the last 12 yr for oats and middle early potatoes. All other investigated crops showed clearly the share of breeding progress in total yield increase. The following decreasing range is demonstrated by the several assortments: middle-late-late potatoes, sugar beets, winter rape-seed, silage maize, common beets, winter barley, spring barley, maize, spring wheat, winter rye and winter wheat.

Harvard-Zitierstil: SCHUSTER, W., SCHREINER, W., LEONHAUSER, H. and ZSCHOCHE, K. (1982) YIELD INCREASES IN SEVERAL CROP PLANTS OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS IN FRG, ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ACKER UND PFLANZENBAU-JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, 151(5), pp. 368-387

APA-Zitierstil: SCHUSTER, W., SCHREINER, W., LEONHAUSER, H., & ZSCHOCHE, K. (1982). YIELD INCREASES IN SEVERAL CROP PLANTS OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS IN FRG. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ACKER UND PFLANZENBAU-JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE. 151(5), 368-387.