Journal article

Publication year: 2010

Pages: 515-523

Journal: European journal of endocrinology

Volume number: 162

Issue number: 3

ISSN: 0804-4643

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-09-0767

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Abstract: 
Objective: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are reaching epidemic proportions in Western societies, and they contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and PPAR gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) system plays an important role in the regulation of efficient energy utilization and oxidative phosphorylation, both of which are decreased in obesity and insulin resistance.Design and methods: We measured the metabolic parameters and the expression of PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha mRNA using quantitative real-time PCR in omental and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissues in an observational study of 153 individuals as well as in SC fat and skeletal muscle in an interventional study of 60 subjects (20 each with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and T2D) before and after intensive physical training for 4 weeks.Results: PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha mRNA expression in both fat depots as well as in skeletal muscle is associated with markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. PGC-1 alpha mRNA expression is significantly higher in SC fat than in omental fat, whereas PPAR gamma mRNA expression is not significantly different between these fat depots. Skeletal muscle and SC fat PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha mRNA expression increased significantly in response to physical training.Conclusions: Gene expression of PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha in human adipose tissue is related to markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Increased muscle and adipose tissue PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha expression in response to physical training may mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity.

Harvard Citation style: Ruschke, K., Fishbein, L., Dietrich, A., Klöting, N., Tönjes, A., Oberbach, A., et al. (2010) Gene expression of PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues is related to insulin resistance markers and mediates beneficial effects of physical training, European journal of endocrinology, 162(3), pp. 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-09-0767

APA Citation style: Ruschke, K., Fishbein, L., Dietrich, A., Klöting, N., Tönjes, A., Oberbach, A., Fasshauer, M., Jenkner, J., Schön, M., Stumvoll, M., Blüher, M., & Mantzoros, C. (2010). Gene expression of PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues is related to insulin resistance markers and mediates beneficial effects of physical training. European journal of endocrinology. 162(3), 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-09-0767