Journal article
Authors list: Hardt, Philip D.; Mayer, Konstantin; Ewald, Nils
Publication year: 2009
Pages: 168-174
Journal: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
Volume number: 12
Issue number: 2
ISSN: 1363-1950
eISSN: 1473-6519
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328322437e
Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Purpose of review To learn about the prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment of exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically ill patients. Recent findings Elevations in the levels of pancreatic enzymes are observed in up to 80% of intensive care patients. Most of these patients do not develop clinically relevant pancreatitis. However, elevations in enzyme levels do represent pancreatic damage with a risk of complications. Different factors have been discussed, which may contribute to pancreatic damage in critically ill patients. These include splanchnic hypoperfusion during shock or major surgery, bacterial translocation, elevated triglyceride levels, development of biliary sluge, and biliary pancreatitis, as well as several drugs. Imaging procedures and inflammatory markers help to identify relevant disease. Several therapeutic options have been discussed recently with a focus on early enteral nutrition. Summary Pancreatic damage is frequently observed in critically ill patients. Although in most of these patients, this is without major clinical consequences, some patients develop relevant pancreatitis, which contributes to morbidity and mortality. Risk factors have been identified and therapeutic strategies have been changed.
Abstract:
Citation Styles
Harvard Citation style: Hardt, P., Mayer, K. and Ewald, N. (2009) Exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically ill patients, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 12(2), pp. 168-174. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328322437e
APA Citation style: Hardt, P., Mayer, K., & Ewald, N. (2009). Exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically ill patients. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 12(2), 168-174. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328322437e
Keywords
ACUTE BILIARY PANCREATITIS; BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION; EARLY ENTERAL NUTRITION; ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY; exocrine pancreatic function; Intensive care; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; INTRACRANIAL EVENTS; LIPASE ELEVATION; PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SERUM AMYLASE
